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Compare Indonesia (2005) - American Samoa (2007)

Compare Indonesia (2005) z American Samoa (2007)

 Indonesia (2005)American Samoa (2007)
 IndonesiaAmerican Samoa
Administrative divisions 30 provinces (propinsi-propinsi, singular - propinsi), 2 special regions* (daerah-daerah istimewa, singular - daerah istimewa), and 1 special capital city district** (daerah khusus ibukota); Aceh*, Bali, Banten, Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Irian Jaya Barat, Jakarta Raya**, Jambi, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Timur, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung, Kepulauan Riau, Lampung, Maluku, Maluku Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua, Riau, Sulawesi Barat, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Tenggara, Sulawesi Utara, Sumatera Barat, Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Utara, Yogyakarta*; note - with the implementation of decentralization on 1 January 2001, the 357 districts or regencies became the key administrative units responsible for providing most government services none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island*, Swains Island*, Western
Age structure 0-14 years: 29.1% (male 35,823,456/female 34,590,631)


15-64 years: 65.7% (male 79,447,560/female 79,449,399)


65 years and over: 5.2% (male 5,526,389/female 7,136,444) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 33.6% (male 10,049/female 9,345)


15-64 years: 63.5% (male 19,041/female 17,556)


65 years and over: 2.9% (male 606/female 1,066) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra, poultry, beef, pork, eggs bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock
Airports 667 (2004 est.) 3 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 154


over 3,047 m: 4


2,438 to 3,047 m: 13


1,524 to 2,437 m: 44


914 to 1,523 m: 49


under 914 m: 44 (2004 est.)
total: 3


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 513


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 27


under 914 m: 480 (2004 est.)
total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area total: 1,919,440 sq km


land: 1,826,440 sq km


water: 93,000 sq km
total: 199 sq km


land: 199 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island
Area - comparative slightly less than three times the size of Texas slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background The Dutch began to colonize Indonesia in the early 17th century; the islands were occupied by Japan from 1942 to 1945. Indonesia declared its independence after Japan's surrender, but it required four years of intermittent negotiations, recurring hostilities, and UN mediation before the Netherlands agreed to relinquish its colony. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state. Current issues include: alleviating widespread poverty, preventing terrorism, continuing the transition to popularly-elected governments after four decades of authoritarianism, implementing reforms of the banking sector, addressing charges of cronyism and corruption, and holding the military and police accountable for human rights violations. Indonesia has been dealing with armed separatist movements in Aceh and in Papua. Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.
Birth rate 20.71 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 21.83 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $52.13 billion


expenditures: $55.88 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants)


expenditures: $127 million (FY96/97)
Capital Jakarta name: Pago Pago


geographic coordinates: 14 16 S, 170 42 W


time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season (November to April), dry season (May to October); little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 54,716 km 116 km
Constitution August 1945; abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959 ratified 2 June 1966, effective 1 July 1967
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Indonesia


conventional short form: Indonesia


local long form: Republik Indonesia


local short form: Indonesia


former: Netherlands East Indies; Dutch East Indies
conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa


conventional short form: American Samoa


abbreviation: AS
Death rate 6.25 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 3.24 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $141.5 billion (2004 est.) $NA
Dependency status - unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador B. Lynn PASCOE


embassy: Jalan 1 Medan Merdeka Selatan 3-5, Jakarta 10110


mailing address: Unit 8129, Box 1, FPO AP 96520


telephone: [62] (21) 3435-9000


FAX: [62] (21) 385-7189


consulate(s) general: Surabaya
none (territory of the US)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador SOEMADI Brotodiningrat


chancery: 2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 775-5200


FAX: [1] (202) 775-5365


consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco
none (territory of the US)
Disputes - international East Timor-Indonesia Boundary Committee continues to meet, survey and delimit land boundary, but several sections of the boundary remain unresolved; Indonesia and East Timor contest the sovereignty of the uninhabited coral island of Palau Batek/Fatu Sinai, which hinders a decision on a northern maritime boundary; a 1997 treaty between Indonesia and Australia settled some parts of their maritime boundary but outstanding issues remain; ICJ's award of Sipadan and Ligitan islands to Malaysia in 2002 left maritime boundary in the hydrocarbon-rich Celebes Sea in dispute, culminating in hostile confrontations in March 2005 over concessions to the Ambalat oil block; the ICJ decision has prompted Indonesia to assert claims to and to establish a presence on its smaller outer islands; Indonesia and Singapore pledged in 2005 to finalize their 1973 maritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Batam Island; Indonesian secessionists, squatters, and illegal migrants create repatriation problems for Papua New Guinea; piracy remains a problem in the Malacca Strait Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island (Olohega) in its 2006 draft constitution
Economic aid - recipient $43 billion


note: Indonesia finished its IMF program in December 2003 but still receives bilateral aid through the Consultative Group on Indonesia (CGI), which pledged $2.8 billion in grants and loans for 2004 and again in 2005; nearly $4 billion in aid money pledged by a variety of foreign governments and other groups following the 2004 tsunami; money is slated for use in relief and rebuilding efforts in Aceh.
important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994
Economy - overview Indonesia, a vast polyglot nation, has restored financial stability and pursued sober fiscal policies since the Asian financial crisis, but many economic development problems remain, including high unemployment, a fragile banking sector, endemic corruption, inadequate infrastructure, a poor investment climate, and unequal resource distribution among regions. Indonesia became a net oil importer in 2004 due to declining production and lack of new exploration investment. As a result, Jakarta is not reaping the benefits of high world oil prices, and the cost of subsidizing domestic fuel prices has placed an increasing strain on the budget. Keys to future growth remain internal reform, building up the confidence of international and domestic investors, and strong global economic growth. In late December 2004, a major tsunami took nearly 127,000 lives, left more than 93,000 missing and nearly 441,000 displaced, and destroyed $4.5 to $5.0 billion worth of property. American Samoa has a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US with which American Samoa conducts most of its commerce. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism is a promising developing sector.
Electricity - consumption 92.35 billion kWh (2003) 167.4 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 110.2 billion kWh (2003) 180 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Lata Mountain 964 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
-
Ethnic groups Javanese 45%, Sundanese 14%, Madurese 7.5%, coastal Malays 7.5%, other 26% native Pacific islander 92.9%, Asian 2.9%, white 1.2%, mixed 2.8%, other 0.2% (2000 census)
Exchange rates Indonesian rupiahs per US dollar - 8,938.9 (2004), 8,577.1 (2003), 9,311.2 (2002), 10,260.8 (2001), 8,421.8 (2000) the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state: President Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO (since 20 October 2004) and Vice President Muhammad Yusuf KALLA (since 20 October 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO (since 20 October 2004) and Vice President Muhammad Yusuf KALLA (since 20 October 2004);


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president


elections: president and vice president were elected for five-year terms by direct vote of the citizenry; last held 20 September 2004 (next to be held in September 2009)


election results: Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO elected president receiving 60.6% of vote; MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri received 39.4%
chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001)


head of government: Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003)


cabinet: Cabinet made up of 12 department directors


elections: under the US Constitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as American Samoa, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 2 and 16 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008)


election results: Togiola TULAFONO elected governor; percent of vote - Togiola TULAFONO 55.7%, Afoa Moega LUTU 44.3%
Exports 518,100 bbl/day (2003) NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber canned tuna 93% (2004 est.)
Exports - partners Japan 22.3%, US 12.3%, Singapore 8.4%, South Korea 6.8%, China 6.4%, Malaysia 4.2% (2004) Indonesia 28.2%, India 22.3%, Australia 15.3%, Japan 11.2%, NZ 7.1% (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year; note - previously was 1 April - 31 March, but starting with 2001, has been changed to calendar year 1 October - 30 September
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Monaco, which is shorter; also similar to the flag of Poland, which is white (top) and red blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 14.6%


industry: 45%


services: 40.4% (2004 est.)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $3,500 (2004 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 4.9% (2004 est.) 3% (2003)
Geographic coordinates 5 00 S, 120 00 E 14 20 S, 170 00 W
Geography - note archipelago of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean
Heliports 22 (2004 est.) -
Highways total: 342,700 km


paved: 158,670 km


unpaved: 184,030 km (1999 est.)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 4%


highest 10%: 26.7% (1999)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs illicit producer of cannabis largely for domestic use; possible growing role as transshipment point for Golden Triangle heroin -
Imports 370,500 bbl/day (2003) NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6% (2004 est.)
Imports - partners Singapore 13.1%, Japan 13.1%, China 8.8%, US 7%, Thailand 6%, Australia 4.8%, Saudi Arabia 4.2%, South Korea 4.2% (2004) Australia 66%, Samoa 13.8%, NZ 10.8% (2006)
Independence 17 August 1945 (independence proclaimed); 27 December 1949 (Netherlands recognizes Indonesian independence) none (territory of the US)
Industrial production growth rate 10.5% (2004 est.) NA%
Industries petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts
Infant mortality rate total: 35.6 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 40.72 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 30.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
total: 8.88 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 9.47 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 8.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6.1% (2004 est.) NA%
International organization participation APEC, APT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, BIS, CP, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO Interpol (subbureau), IOC, SPC, UPU
Irrigated land 48,150 sq km (1998 est.) NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung (justices appointed by the president from a list of candidates approved by the legislature); a separate Constitutional Court or Makhama Konstitusi was invested by the president on 16 August 2003; in March 2004 the Supreme Court assumed administrative and financial responsibility for the lower court system from the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)
Labor force 111.5 million (2004 est.) 17,630 (2005)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 45%, industry 16%, services 39% (1999 est.) agriculture: 34%


industry: 33%


services: 33% (1990)
Land boundaries total: 2,830 km


border countries: East Timor 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 11.32%


permanent crops: 7.23%


other: 81.45% (2001)
arable land: 10%


permanent crops: 15%


other: 75% (2005)
Languages Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects, the most widely spoken of which is Javanese Samoan 90.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 2.9%, Tongan 2.4%, other Pacific islander 2.1%, other 2%


note: most people are bilingual (2000 census)
Legal system based on Roman-Dutch law, substantially modified by indigenous concepts and by new criminal procedures and election codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction NA
Legislative branch unicameral House of Representatives or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) (550 seats; members elected to serve five-year terms); House of Regional Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah or DPD), constitutionally mandated role includes providing legislative input to DPR on issues affecting regions; People's Consultative Assembly (Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat or MPR) has role in inaugurating and impeaching President and in amending constitution; consists of popularly-elected members in DPR and DPD; MPR does not formulate national policy


elections: last held 5 April 2004 (next to be held in April 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - Golkar 21.6%, PDI-P 18.5%, PKB 10.6%, PPP 8.2%, PD 7.5%, PKS 7.3%, PAN 6.4%, others 19.9%; seats by party - Golkar 128, PDI-P 109, PPP 58, PD 55, PAN 53, PKB 52, PKS 45, others 50


note: because of election rules, the number of seats won does not always follow the number of votes received by parties
bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats; 20 members are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; to serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs to serve four-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held in November 2008); Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008)


election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - independents 18


note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held on 7 November 2006 (next to be held in November 2008); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA reelected as delegate
Life expectancy at birth total population: 69.57 years


male: 67.13 years


female: 72.13 years (2005 est.)
total population: 76.25 years


male: 72.69 years


female: 80.02 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 87.9%


male: 92.5%


female: 83.4% (2002 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 98%


female: 97% (1980 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines


territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 728 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 3,192,847 GRT/4,319,739 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 35, cargo 409, chemical tanker 19, container 36, liquefied gas 7, livestock carrier 1, passenger 41, passenger/cargo 36, petroleum tanker 125, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 13, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 2


foreign-owned: 19 (France 1, Japan 3, Philippines 1, Singapore 11, Switzerland 1, United Kingdom 2)


registered in other countries: 113 (2005)
-
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches Indonesia Armed Forces (TNI): Army (TNI-AD), Navy (TNI-AL, includes Marines, Naval Air arm), Air Force (TNI-AU) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $1.3 billion (2004) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3% (2004) -
National holiday Independence Day, 17 August (1945) Flag Day, 17 April (1900)
Nationality noun: Indonesian(s)


adjective: Indonesian
noun: American Samoan(s) (US nationals)


adjective: American Samoan
Natural hazards occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires typhoons common from December to March
Natural resources petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver pumice, pumicite
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) -21.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines condensate 850 km; condensate/gas 128 km; gas 8,506 km; oil 7,472 km; oil/gas/water 66 km; refined products 1,329 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders Crescent Moon and Star Party or PBB [Yusril Ihza MAHENDRA, chairman]; Democratic Party or PD [Subur BUDHISANTOSO, chairman]; Functional Groups Party or Golkar [Yusuf KALLA, chairman]; Indonesia Democratic Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri, chairperson]; National Awakening Party or PKB [Alwi SHIHAB, chairman]; National Mandate Party or PAN [Amien RAIS, chairman]; Prosperous Justice Party or PKS [MAHFUD, acting chairman]; United Development Party or PPP [Hamzah HAZ, chairman] Democratic Party [Oreta M. TOGAFAU]; Republican Party [Tautai A. F. FAALEVAO]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 241,973,879 (July 2005 est.) 57,663 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line 27% (1999) NA%
Population growth rate 1.45% (2005 est.) -0.262% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Banjarmasin, Belawan, Ciwandan, Krueg Geukueh, Palembang, Panjang, Sungai Pakning, Tanjung Perak, Tanjung Priok -
Radio broadcast stations AM 678, FM 43, shortwave 82 (1998) AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005)
Railways total: 6,458 km


narrow gauge: 5,961 km 1.067-m gauge (125 km electrified); 497 km 0.750-m gauge (2004)
-
Religions Muslim 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist 1%, other 1% (1998) Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.075 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.085 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.568 male(s)/female


total population: 1.062 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 17 years of age; universal and married persons regardless of age 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: domestic service fair, international service good


domestic: interisland microwave system and HF radio police net; domestic satellite communications system


international: country code - 62; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean)
general assessment: NA


domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station


international: country code - 1-684; satellite earth station - 1 (Intelsat-Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 7.75 million (2002) 10,400 (2004)
Telephones - mobile cellular 11.7 million (2002) 2,200 (2004)
Television broadcast stations 41 (1999) 1 (2006)
Terrain mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)
Total fertility rate 2.44 children born/woman (2005 est.) 3.07 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 9.2% (2004 est.) 29.8% (2005)
Waterways 21,579 km


note: Sumatra 5,471 km, Java and Madura 820 km, Kalimantan 10,460 km, Sulawesi (Celebes) 241 km, Irian Jaya 4,587 km (2004)
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